Introduction to Urology

Urology

Basic Introduction

Urology, also known as genitourinary surgery, is the branch of medicine that focuses on surgical and medical diseases of the male and female urinary-tract system and the male reproductive organs.

Urology

Parts of Urology System

Parts Discuss under the domain of Urology are as follow

• Kidney
• Ureters
• Urinary Bladder
• Urethra

Kidney

The basic structural and functional unit of kidney are Nephron

Nephron

• Bowman’s capsule – first part of the nephron where blood is initially filtered (to form filtrate)
• Proximal convoluted tubule – folded structure connected to the Bowman’s capsule where selective reabsorption occurs
• Loop of Henle – a selectively permeable loop that descends into the medulla and establishes a salt gradient
• Distal convoluted tubule – a folded structure connected to the loop of Henle where further selective reabsorption occurs

The blood to be filtered enters the Bowman’s capsule via an afferent arteriole and leaves the capsule via an efferent arteriole

• Within the Bowman’s capsule, the blood is filtered at a capillary tuft called the glomerulus
• The efferent arteriole forms a blood network called the vasa recta that reabsorbs components of the filtrate from the nephron

Each nephron connects to a collecting duct (via the distal convoluted tubule), which feed into the renal pelvis

• The collecting ducts are shared by nephrons and hence are not technically considered to be part of a single nephron

Nephron

Ureters

Ureters are the duct that can collect urine from kidney and transfer it into bladder.

Urinary Bladder

Urinary Bladder is a hollow muscular organ that can collect urine from Kinsey's via ureters.

If we talk about it structure, structurally urinary Bladder is hollow muscular organ just behnid the pulvis. After the urine is collected in bladder it allow urination in controlled and rapid manner.